Causes of Bunions: A Detailed Analysis
Bunions, or hallux valgus, are a common foot deformity that affects the big toe joint. This condition can cause significant pain and difficulty walking. Here, we take an in-depth look at the causes, symptoms and treatments available for bunions.
What Are Bunions?
Bunions are a deformity of the foot where the big toe deviates toward the other toes, forming a bump at the base of the toe. This lump can become inflamed and painful due to friction with footwear. The condition is progressive, worsening over time if not properly treated.
Causes of Bunions
- Genetics: Genetic predisposition plays a crucial role in the development of bunions. If one or both parents have bunions, their children are more likely to develop them as well.
- Foot Biomechanics: The way a person walks and the structure of his or her foot can contribute to the development of bunions. Flat feet or low arches may increase the risk.
- Improper Footwear: Wearing narrow-toed shoes or high heels on a regular basis can force the toes into an unnatural position, promoting the formation of bunions. This type of footwear increases pressure on the big toe joint, exacerbating the deformity.
- Ligament Laxity: Increased laxity in the ligaments of the foot may allow greater movement of the big toe bone, contributing to bunion formation.
- Inflammatory Diseases: Conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis, which cause inflammation in the joints, can cause or aggravate bunions due to chronic inflammation and tissue damage.
Symptoms of bunions
Symptoms of bunions vary depending on the severity of the deformity, but may include:
- Pain at the base of the big toe
- Swelling and redness in the joint
- Corns or calluses on the foot
- Limitation of big toe movement
- Pain when walking or wearing tight shoes
Available Treatments
Conservative Treatments
In the early stages, bunions can be managed with non-surgical treatments, such as:
- Proper Footwear: Roomy shoes with plenty of room for the toes and cushioned soles can reduce pressure on the bunion.
- Orthopedic Insoles: They help redistribute the weight of the foot and relieve pressure on the affected joint.
- Medications: Analgesics and anti-inflammatory drugs can relieve pain and inflammation.
- Physical therapy: Specific exercises can improve flexibility and strengthen foot muscles.
Surgical Treatment
If conservative methods do not provide relief, surgery may be necessary. Minimally invasive surgery is an effective and less painful option that allows for a faster recovery. Common procedures include bone realignment, soft tissue correction and, in some cases, joint fusion.
Prevention
Although it is not always possible to prevent bunions, some measures can be taken to reduce the risk, such as:
- Wearing appropriate footwear from an early age
- Maintaining a healthy weight to reduce pressure on the feet
- Perform regular exercises to strengthen the feet and maintain flexibility.
Conclusion
Bunions are a painful condition that can affect quality of life. Understanding its causes and symptoms is crucial to seek early treatment and avoid further complications. If you suffer from bunions, consult a podiatric specialist to receive the best treatment adapted to your specific needs.
At the San Roman Clinic in Alicante, we have a team of experts in podiatry and foot surgery ready to help you. Don’t let bunions affect your daily life.
Contact us today to schedule a consultation
today to schedule a consultation and begin your road to recovery.
