Percutaneous bunion surgery is a minimally invasive surgical technique used to correct hallux valgus, commonly known as bunions. This procedure has become popular due to its numerous advantages over traditional surgery, such as less postoperative pain, minimal scarring and faster recovery. In this article, we will explore in detail what this surgery involves, who are the ideal candidates and what the recovery process is like.
What is Hallux Valgus?
Hallux valgus, or bunion, is a deformity in which the big toe deviates toward the other toes, forming an abnormal angle at the joint. This condition can cause pain, swelling and difficulty walking. The severity of hallux valgus varies and is classified as mild, moderate and severe, based on specific angles measured by radiographs.
Causes of Hallux Valgus
The causes of bunions can be diverse and are divided into intrinsic and extrinsic factors:
- Intrinsic Factors:
- Genetics: There is a significant hereditary component.
- Sex: It is more common in women.
- Age: It usually develops between 40 and 60 years of age.
- Foot conditions: Flat feet or Egyptian feet may predispose to deformity.
- Extrinsic Factors:
- Inappropriate footwear: Use of narrow or high-heeled shoes.
- Overload: Obesity and activities that place high demands on the feet.
What does Percutaneous Bunionectomy consist of?
Percutaneous surgery is an innovative technique that involves making small incisions, usually 2-3 mm, through which the surgical instruments are introduced. This procedure is performed under local anesthesia and uses fluoroscopy (real-time radiography) to guide the surgeon.
Surgery Steps:
- Local anesthesia: A truncal block is administered to numb the area.
- Minimal incisions: Small incisions are made to access the bone and tissues.
- Deformity correction: With specific tools, the position of the bone is corrected.
- Closure and Bandage: The incisions are closed with small sutures and a special bandage is applied.
Advantages of Percutaneous Surgery
- Less invasive: Small incisions reduce tissue trauma.
- Rapid Recovery: Generally, patients are able to walk shortly after surgery.
- Less Pain and Scarring: Compared to open surgery, postoperative pain and scarring are significantly less.
- Ambulatory: No hospitalization is required.
Ideal Candidates for Surgery
Percutaneous surgery is suitable for patients with mild to moderate hallux valgus. Ideal candidates are those who have not responded to conservative treatments, such as the use of appropriate footwear, orthotics and anti-inflammatories. In addition, it is crucial that the patient has realistic expectations and is willing to follow postoperative instructions to ensure a successful recovery.
Postoperative and Recovery
Recovery varies by patient, but generally includes:
- Special Footwear: A postoperative shoe that relieves the weight of the forefoot is used.
- Mobility: Early mobilization is encouraged to prevent stiffness.
- Incision Care: Keeping incisions clean and dry is essential.
- Medical check-ups: Periodic visits to the podiatrist to evaluate progress.
Most patients can return to normal activities in approximately 6 weeks, although this may vary depending on the severity of the deformity and adherence to postoperative recommendations.
Innovations and Future of Percutaneous Surgery
Technology in percutaneous surgery continues to advance. New instruments and techniques are being developed to further improve results and reduce recovery time. Studies continue to demonstrate the effectiveness and safety of this approach, promising a bright future for hallux valgus patients.
Conclusion
Percutaneous bunionectomy is an excellent option for those seeking a less invasive solution to correct hallux valgus. With its multiple advantages and faster recovery, this technique is revolutionizing the treatment of bunions. If you suffer from bunions and are considering surgery, contact us at Clínica San Román for a personalized consultation and find out how we can help you improve your quality of life.
